Motor for automobiles



O. V. FOSTER MOTOR FOR AUTOMOBILES Filed March 17, 1922 Patented Dec. 3%, 1924.

UNITED STATES @FFIQE.

OSCAR V. FOSTER, F LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY.

MOTOR FOR AUTOIl'IOBI'LES.

Application filed March 17, 1922. Serial No. 544,556.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OSCAR V. FOSTER, citizen of the United States, residing at Louisville, in the county of Jefferson and State of Kentucky, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Motors for Automobiles, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and has special reference to the valve arrangement of engines of this class and of the four cycle type.

One important object of the invention is to provide an improved construction of such engines wherein the explosive mixture will be introduced into the engine cylinder in a novel manner.

A second important object of the invention is to provide an improved arrangement, in this type of engine wherein the infiowing gases will more efliciently scavenge the cylinder of the burnt gases.

A third important object of the invention is to' rovide an improved construction of interna combustion enginewherein the sparking and explosive mixture admission means will be correlated in a novel manner.

A fourth important object of the invention is the provision in such engines, of an improved valve actuating means so constructed and arranged as to ensure, with a minimum of parts, a wide openin of the ports and great area for the .a mission of explosive mixture to and the exhaust of burnt gases from the engine cylinder.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in general of certain novel details of construction and combinations of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and specifically claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, like characters of reference indicate like parts in the several views, and

Figure 1 is a vertical section through a cylinder of an internal combustion engine constructed in accordance with this invention, the section being taken partly through the center of the inlet ports and partly through the center of the cylinder.

Figure 2 is a horizontal section on the line 2-2 of Figure 1, the view showing the valves in the position in which they are just before firing, all being closed.

in the embodiment of the improved on gine herein illustrated there is shown one cylinder 10 of such an engine which is provided with a water-jacket 11. This cylinder is mounted on the usual crank case 12 and in the cylinder reciprocates a piston 13 of the ordinary type. The usual crank shaft 14 and connecting or piston rod 15 are employed. So far all of the parts described are those common in engines of this class and may be of any preferre'd type with the exception of certain novel features of the cylinder and valves to be later described, the cylinder being otherwise of ordinary construction.

The upper part of the cylinder 10 is the part which is of modified construction and above the cylinder bore this part is enlarged to form a firing chamber 16 which is substantially rectangular in plan and-has its longer dimension extending transversely of the cylinder bore so that its ends are at opposite sides of the engine. Leading into each end of this chamber are inlet passages 17 and outlet passages 18. At the inner end of each of these passages there is provided a valve seat which is arranged at an angle to the passage in order that the inwardly opening valves 19 may have their stems 20 extend diagonally downward through valve stem guides 21 having collars 22 thereon. On each of the valve stems is a loose collar 23 held in position by a key 24. Between each collar 23 and the corresponding collar 22 is a coil spring 25 which serves to hold the valve on its seat and to urge it into seated position when moved off of its seat. 0n the cylinder is provided, adjacent its lower end, certain lugs 26 which support pivot pins or rods 27. For each of the valves 19 there is provided an operating lever having an upper arm 28 and a lower arm 29, these arms being angularly disposed with reference to each other. Threaded into the upper end of each arm 28 is a valve lifter pin 30 which is alined with the respective valve stem 20 and is provided with a lock nut 31 so that after it is adjusted to move the valve for the proper extent of opening the pin can be secured against accidental movement. At

the lower end of each. arm 29 is a roller 32 shaft in the usual manner not shown). The head 36 has a central opening 37 where in is mounted exactly over center of piston the usual spark plug'38 and on. each side of the. opening 37 the inner or under side of the head is curved inwardly and downwardly from the sides to the center so that the inflowing gases are directed inwardly and downwardly in their passage from the parts, these surfaces being shown at 39. It will be noted that the arm 28- is substantially twice as long as the arm 29 so that, with a certain cam throw the valves move twice the amount of such cam throw. In operation the gases, when the inlet valves 17 open, they being diagonally disposed to each other in line across the center of the piston, rush in streams which are deflected downward and inward by the surfaces 39. These inflowing gases act to produce a partial vacuum under the spark plug so that any spent gases which may .remain at the lower end of the plug from the last firing will be drawn out of the opening 37 and mixed thoroughly with the inflowing gases; From this it follows that the compression stroke of the piston compresses against the spark plug an explosive mixture wherein the small trace of unscavenged burnt gas will have practically no deleterious effect. Moreover the double port arrangement of the valves provides for a rapid evenly distributed flow of fresh mixture and a rapid exhaust of spent gases.

There has thus been provided a simple and eflicient device of the kind described and for the purposes specified.

It is obvious that minor changes may be made in the form and construction of the invention without departing from the material rinciples thereof. It is not therefore desired to confine the invention to the exact form herein shown and described, but it is wished to include all such as properly come within the scope claimed.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is 1. In an internal combustion engine, a

cylinder having a gas port on each side, valves controlling said ports, 'a removable head on said '0 linder havin the sides of its under sur ace curved inwardly and downwardly towards the center of the cylinder to form baflles for directing the in flowing gases downward toward the center of the cylinder and the outflowing gases outward away from said center, and a spark plug located centrally between the two baflle surfaces,'and means for causing the valves to open and close simultaneously.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an inlet and exhaust port on one side and an inlet and exhaust on the other side, the ports on one side being alined with the ports on the other side,

I valves controlling said orts, a head on said 3. In an internal combustion engine, a-

cylinder having a pair of alined and opposed gas passages, valves controlling said passages, a removable head on said cylinderhaving the sides of its' under surface curved inwardly and downwardly towards the center of the cylinder to form baflles for directing the inflowing gases downward toward the center of the cylinder and the outflowing gases outward away from said center, and a spark plug located centrally between the two baflles surfaces, and means for. causing the valves to open and close simultaneously.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

OSCAR v. FOSTER. 

